- CPE Starter vocab (list in our class quizlet)
- TED Talk vocab: Vocab activities from both talks we have analysed
- Purple Hibiscus vocab: List of words on handout and also themes present in the novel
- CPE word formation style exercises
Thursday, 9 February 2017
Friday, 3 February 2017
Friday, 18 November 2016
Adverbs
Most adverbs are formed from an adjective:
easy (-y) + ily = easily
complete + ly = completely
automatic + ally = automatically
horrible (-le) + ly = horribly
happy(-y) + ily = happily
nice + ly = nicely
romantic + ally = romantically
simple (-le) + ly = simply
Some adverbs have the same form as an adjective:
close, daily, early, fast, hard, high, right
Adjective
Susan is fast (tells the way she is) fast is an adjective
Adverb
Susan runs fast (tells the way she runs) fast is an adverb
Adverbs of frequency
If the sentence has one verb (e.g. no auxiliary verb) put the adverb of frequency in the middle of the sentence after the subject and before the verb.
Example: Tom usually goes to work by car.
Come after the verb 'be':
Example: I am never late for work.
If the sentence has more than one verb (e.g. auxiliary verb), put the adverb of frequency before the main verb.
Examples: I can never remember anything!
Adverbs of manner
It cannot be put between a verb and its direct object. The adverb must be placed either before the verb or at the end of the clause.
EXAMPLES
He ate greedily the chocolate cake. [incorrect]
He ate the chocolate cake greedily. [correct]
He greedily ate the chocolate cake. [correct]
He gave us generously the money. [incorrect]
He gave us the money generously. [correct]
He generously gave us the money. [correct]
Adverbs can be used to modify verbs.
Examples:
John walked quickly towards the door.
Sally sat silently waiting for somebody else to speak first.
USE 2
Adverbs can be used to modify adjectives.
Examples:
The redwood tree was impressively tall.
The blouse was outrageously expensive.
USE 3
Adverbs can be used to modify other adverbs.
Examples:
She spoke extremely confidently.
The cheetah ran incredibly quickly.
Adverbs of manner
Describe how something happens. Where there are two or more verbs in a sentence, adverb placement affects the meaning. Some commonly used adverbs of manner include:
carefully
correctly
eagerly
easily
fast
loudly
patiently
quickly
quietly
well
Adverbs of purpose
Describe why something happens. Here are some common examples:
accidentally
intentionally
purposely
deliberately
Adverbs of frequency
Describe how often something happens. The following adverbs are commonly used in this way:
always
every
never
often
rarely
seldom
sometimes
usually
Adverbs of time
Describe when something happens. These examples are commonly used:
after
already
during
finally
just
last
later
next
now
recently
soon
Advanced adverbs!
half-heartedly
quizically
distractedly
emphatically
impatiently
disinterestedly
eagerly
dismissively
wearily
accusingly
http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=8387
http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=8386
Vocabulary to Describe a Dramatic Event
Words to convey how terrible something is:
To describe something
•Shocking
•Distressing
•Horrifying
•Appalling
•Sickening
•Devestating
•Heartbreaking
To describe feelings
•To be shocked
•To be distressed
•To be horrified
•To be appalled
•To be sickened
•To be devestated
•To be heartbroken
Negative words to describe a person
Evil
•Monstrous
•Ruthless (no mercy)
•Depraved (morally bad)
Crazy
•Deranged
•Deluded (incorrect judgment)
•Insane
Adverbs for Emphasis (Very)
•Highly dangerous
•Extremely upsetting
•Completely crazy
•Totally deluded
•Extraordinarily heartbreaking
The Man from the South
ACTIVITY 1
For each of the characters, you need to choose the best possible quotations and analyse them...
Step 1 - What characteristics does the character have?
Step 2 - Find good quotations (at least 3) which reveal certain characteristics
Step 3 - Think of a way to infer from the quotation
Step 4 - Use your best, most precise vocabulary in writing your analysis (use the 'explain verbs' handout)
For the oldish man x 2
“...................................”
|
This could suggest that...
The word ‘......’ emphasises...
|
“...................................”
|
This shows...
The reader...
|
For the cadet x 2
“...................................”
|
This quotation reflects the cadet’s...
He is also described as “....” which reiterates...
|
“...................................”
|
Ostensibly, this quotation...
The effect of this quotation/word is ...
|
For the narrator x 2
“...................................”
|
From this passage, the reader can infer that...
However, perhaps...
|
“...................................”
|
The reader is given the impression...
This characteristic is repeated later in the story, when...
|
ACITIVITY 2
How does Roald Dahl build tension in this story? Analyse three different points with quotations.
· Firstly.../ The opening of the story... / Initially...
Words / Adjectives such as...
· Gradually...
The reader... / The atmosphere/mood begins to change when...
This is apparent in the passage / quotation...
· Towards the end of the story, the tension is increased when...
The use of short sentences like ‘...’
Monday, 14 November 2016
Reported Speech
Tense Changes When Using Reported Speech
Normally, the tense in reported speech is one tense back in time from the tense in direct speech:
She said, "I am tired." 
She said that she was tired.
She said that she was tired.
The changes are shown below:
| Simple present | | Simple past |
"I always drink coffee", she said
|
She said that she always drankcoffee.
| |
| Present continuous | | Past continuous |
"I am reading a book", he explained.
|
He explained that he was reading a book
| |
| Simple past | | Past perfect |
"Bill arrived on Saturday", he said.
|
He said that Bill had arrived on Saturday
| |
| Present perfect | | Past perfect |
"I have been to Spain", he told me.
|
He told me that he had been to Spain
| |
| Past perfect | | Past perfect |
"I had just turned out the light," he explained.
|
He explained that he had just turned out the light.
| |
| Present perfect continuous | | Past perfect continuous |
They complained, "We have beenwaiting for hours".
|
They complained that they had been waiting for hours.
| |
| Past continuous | | Past perfect continuous |
"We were living in Paris", they told me.
|
They told me that they had been living in Paris.
| |
| Future | | Present conditional |
"I will be in Geneva on Monday", he said
|
He said that he would be in Geneva on Monday.
| |
| Future continuous | | Conditional continuous |
She said, "I'll be using the car next Friday".
|
She said that she would be using the car next Friday.
|
http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/reported-speech-exercise-1.html
We use reporting verbs to report what someone said more accurately than using say and tell.
Verb + infinitive
agree, decide, offer, promise, refuse, threaten
- They agreed to meet on Friday.
- He refused to take his coat off.
Verb + noun + infinitive
advise, encourage, invite, remind, warn
- Tom advised me to go home early.
- She reminded me to telephone my mother.
Verb + gerund
deny, recommend, suggest
- They recommended taking the bus.
- She suggested meeting a little earlier.
Verb + noun + preposition (+ gerund)
accuse, blame, congratulate
- He accused me of taking the money.
- They congratulated me on passing all my exams.
Verb + preposition + gerund
apologise, insist
- They apologised for not coming.
- He insisted on having dinner.
Verb + (that) + subject + verb
admit, agree, decide, deny, explain, insist, promise, recommend, suggest
- Sarah decided (that) the house needed cleaning.
- They recommended (that) we take the bus.
Exercises:
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